The Environment Ministry in Japan has set a deadline for water utility companies to report on the presence of organic fluorine compounds in tap water that can be harmful to human health, specifically focusing on perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are known to be carcinogenic. An expert panel will assess whether more stringent criteria are required for PFAS and consider making it obligatory for local governments and other entities to take prompt measures when elevated PFAS levels are detected.
The discussion revolves around setting new regulations and targets for PFAS levels in tap water, with the aim of reaching a decision by the end of the fiscal year. PFAS encompass over 10,000 types of organic fluorine compounds, including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), often called "forever chemicals" due to their persistence in the environment. While Japan has a current target of 50 nanograms per liter for PFAS levels in tap water, other countries like the United States have recently tightened their standards significantly.
The Japanese government is contemplating whether to revise its PFAS regulations in light of global developments and evolving scientific findings. Despite the existing target of 50 nanograms per liter, there is ongoing debate on whether a formal limit should be imposed and if water utilities should be legally required to take action if PFAS levels exceed certain thresholds. The ministry is pressing for comprehensive research and reporting on PFAS contamination across Japan, highlighting instances where PFAS readings have surpassed acceptable levels and exploring potential sources such as firefighting foam used at U.S. military installations.