A recent study conducted by Japanese researchers at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center revealed a concerning health risk associated with using high pillows or stacked towels while sleeping. This practice, common among individuals like shoguns and geisha who are particular about their hair, was found to increase the likelihood of stroke due to the way the neck bends during slumber. Referred to as "shogun pillow syndrome," the research focused on cases of spontaneous vertebral artery dissection (sVAD), a condition where a blood vessel in the back of the neck ruptures, leading to a stroke.
The research team delved into the impact of pillow height on sVAD cases, comparing data on patients diagnosed with this condition with those hospitalized for strokes or cerebral hemorrhages from other causes. Findings revealed that using pillows higher than 15 cm significantly increased the risk of sVAD, with the study emphasizing the correlation between neck flexion and the likelihood of developing this serious condition. The team advised against using pillows exceeding 15 cm in height to avoid potential neck damage during sleep, a recommendation also supported by experts in the bedding industry.
Historically, the study highlighted the prevalence of high pillows in Japan between the 17th and 19th centuries, particularly among shoguns, samurai, and geisha aiming to maintain elaborate hairstyles. The research paper referenced essays from the mid-19th century that suggested a belief in the connection between pillow height and longevity, indicating a longstanding awareness of the potential health risks associated with using high pillows. Ultimately, the study's results shed light on the importance of reevaluating sleep habits and pillow choices to mitigate the risk of stroke-related conditions.