No Need to Panic, Health Officials Say
Despite an alarming rise in cases of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS), also known as the "flesh-eating disease," health authorities in Japan are urging travelers not to cancel their trips. While the situation warrants attention, officials emphasize that basic hygiene measures like hand washing, wearing face masks, and keeping wounds clean are highly effective in preventing infection.
Concerns about travel to Japan escalated following reports in European media in March highlighting the rapid spread of this "dangerous infectious disease." This led to North Korea's cancellation of the Asian qualifiers for the 2026 World Cup soccer tournament, citing concerns about the contagious disease spreading in Japan.
To alleviate anxieties, a ministry official pointed out that the World Health Organization did not recommend travel restrictions to Europe in 2022 when STSS cases surged there. This suggests that the current situation in Japan, while concerning, does not necessitate drastic measures like travel bans.
A Rare but Serious Infection
STSS is a rare but severe form of infection caused by the bacterium streptococcus pyogenes, commonly known for causing strep throat in children. Cases tend to increase during April and May, coinciding with the start of the new school year.
The disease can rapidly cause necrosis of muscle tissue and multiple organ failure, primarily affecting individuals in their 30s and older. Sadly, approximately 30% of STSS cases result in death due to the sudden worsening of symptoms.
Recent Surge in Cases and the European Variant
According to preliminary figures from the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan witnessed a record 941 cases of STSS in 2023. As of March 24, 2024, 556 cases had already been reported nationwide.
Since the latter half of 2023, there has been a rise in patients infected with a highly contagious variant of the pathogen that has been circulating in Europe and the United States. This variant is primarily concentrated in the Kanto region of Japan.
Maintaining Calm and Taking Precautions
While the increase in STSS cases is concerning, health officials urge the public to remain calm and take necessary precautions. By practicing good hygiene, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of infection. Additionally, seeking prompt medical attention for any suspicious symptoms is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment.